Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e62813 CO) doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e62813 open access Data Paper
Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata)
Luis M. D. Barcelos?§, José M. N. Azevedo®!, Jodo Pedro Barreirost§
+ Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Angra do Heroismo, Portugal § University of the Azores, Angra do Heroismo, Portugal | Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Ponta Delgada, Portugal
Corresponding author: Luis M. D. Barcelos (Idbarcelos@gmail.com) Academic editor: Felipe Ottoni Received: 05 Jan 2021 | Accepted: 18 Feb 2021 | Published: 11 Mar 2021
Citation: Barcelos LMD, Azevedo JMN, Barreiros JP (2021) Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e62813. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e62813
Abstract
Background
Several lists of marine fish from Azores have been published in the past. Most of those publications are difficult to access on line and several were not published in peer-reviewed journals.
New information
This checklist updates all the chondrichthyan records for the Azores Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), according to the most recent taxonomic classification of cartilaginous fish, as well as providing information on the conservation status for all species. We also present recent literature data on rare species and recent records for Azores. This is the first comprehensive list of cartilaginous fishes from Azores to be published in the GBIF database.
© Barcelos L et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
2 Barcelos L et al
Keywords
cartilaginous fishes, rays, sharks, species list
Introduction
Chondrichthyes are commonly known as cartilaginous fishes and includes chimeras, sharks and rays. They can be found from the cold deep-sea to subtropical and tropical waters (Greemberg 2009). Sharks and rays have a great recreational and ecological interest (Vieira et al. 2020); however, many species worldwide are declining due to global overfishing (Worm et al. 2013). The total estimation for risk extinction, according to the IUCN Red List criteria, indicates that a quarter of all shark and ray species are threatened (Dulvy et al. 2014).
The first comprehensive chondrichthyan checklist for Azores was published over 20 years ago by Santos et al. (1997). After that, some updates were made, most of them integrated in marine fish or biodiversity lists (e.g. Porteiro et al. 2010). In the meantime, new publications have emerged regarding new records (e.g. Catarino et al. 2020) or with new information on species already recorded for Azores (e.g. Das and Afonso 2017, Barcelos et al. 2018). The present work gives taxonomic updates and information regarding the conservation status (IUCN) for all chondrichthyan species from the Azores' EEZ (see Suppl. material 1). This is the first complete and updated list of chondrichthyans that can be found in the GBIF online platform (Barcelos et al. 2020).
General description
Purpose: Updating Azorean biota checklists.
Project description Title: Azores Chondrichthyes updated checklist
Personnel: Paulo Borges Study area description: Azores Archipelago
Funding: Funding Institutions: Azores PO 2020 - ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072; TOTAL BUDGET: €299,901.83 EU Support: €254,916.56. This project was financed by FEDER in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through the Operational Programme Azores 2020. This work is also funded by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme and National Funds through FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the Research Infrastructure PORBIOTA - Portuguese E-Infrastructure for Information and Research on Biodiversity, project number POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022127.
Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata) 3
Geographic coverage
Description: The Azores EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone).
Coordinates: 34 and 42.976 Latitude; -35.578 and -21 Longitude.
Taxonomic coverage
Description: This dataset covers all the sharks, rays and chimaeras so far known to occur
within the Azores' EEZ.
Taxa included:
Rank Scientific Name kingdom ~—— Animalia
phylum Chordata
class Chondrichthyes subclass —_Holocephaili subclass § Elasmobranchii superorder Holocephalimorpha superorder Selachimorfa
superorder Batoidea
order Carcharhiniformes order Chimaeriformes order Hexanchiformes order Lamniformes order Myliobatiformes order Orectolobiformes order Rajiformes
order Squaliformes order Torpediniformes family Rhinochimaeridae family Chimaeridae family Sphyrnidae
family Carcharhinidae
Common Name
Ground sharks Chimaeras
Frill and cow sharks Mackerel sharks Stingrays
Carpet sharks Skates and rays
Bramble, sleeper and dogfish
sharks
Electric rays
family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family family species species species species species species species species species
species
Barcelos L et al
Triakidae
Pseudotriakidae
Scyliorhinidae
Pentanchidae
Lamnidae
Cetorhinidae
Alopiidae
Odontaspididae
Rhincodontidae
Dalatiidae
Oxynotidae
Somniosidae
Etmopteridae
Centrophoridae
Hexanchidae
Chlamydoselachidae
Mobulidae
Myliobatidae
Dasyatidae
Rajidae
Torpedinidae
Rhinochimaera atlantica Holt & Byrne, 1909 Hydrolagus pallidus Hardy & Stehmann, 1990 Hydrolagus affinis (de Brito Capello, 1868) Chimaera opalescens Luchetti, Iglésias & Sellos, 2011 Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & Lesueur, 1822) Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1861)
Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839)
Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata)
species Carcharhinus galapagensis (Snodgrass & Heller, 1905) species Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Pseudotriakis microdon de Brito Capello, 1868 species Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Galeus murinus (Collett, 1904)
species Apristurus manis (Springer 1979)
species Apristurus laurussonii (Saemundsson, 1922)
species Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
species lsurus paucus Guitart Manday, 1966
species lsurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810
species Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765)
species Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
species Alopias superciliosus (Lowe, 1841)
species Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810)
species Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828
species Squaliolus laticaudus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 species Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788)
species Oxynotus paradoxus Frade, 1929
species Zameus Squamulosus (Gunther, 1877)
species Somniosus rostratus (Risso, 1827)
species Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) species Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuev & Konovalenko, 1988
species Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello, 1864)
species Centroscymnus owstonii Garman, 1906
species Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello, 1864
species Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) species Etmopterus pusillus (Lowe, 1839) species Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904
species Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825)
6 Barcelos L et al
species Deania profundorum (Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) species Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839)
species Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) species Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) species Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) species Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) species Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garman, 1884 species Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1892)
species Mobula mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788)
species Mobula birostris (Walbaum, 1792)
species Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Pteroplatytrygon violacea (Bonaparte, 1832) species Taeniurops grabatus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1817) species Dipturus batis (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Raja brachyura Lafont, 1873
species Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758
species Raja maderensis Lowe, 1838
species Rajella bigelowi (Stehmann, 1978)
species Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758)
species Bathyraja richardsoni (Garrick, 1961)
species Tetronarce nobiliana (Bonaparte, 1835)
Usage licence Usage licence: Creative Commons Public Domain Waiver (CC-Zero)
IP rights notes: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 Licence.
Data resources
Data package title: Azores chondrichthyes updated checklist
Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata) 7
Resource link: http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=azores chondrichthyes updated checklist vs 1&v=1.9
Alternative identifiers: http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=azores chondrichthyes updated checklist vs 1
Number of data sets: 1 Data set name: Azores chondrichthyes updated checklist Data format: Darwin Core
Description: This updated checklist of the chondrichthyans already identified within the Azores EEZ follows the last revised version published by Barreiros and Gadig (2011). Two new records have been registered and the taxonomy has been updated. New information regarding the specific occurrence of the rare Odontaspis ferox was recently published (see Barcelos et al. 2018). The first comprehensive chondrichthyan checklist was published by Santos et al. (1997) and later updated by Porteiro et al. (2010).
Column label Column description
id identification of the record
taxonID identification of the taxon acceptedNameUsagelD identification of the usage name parentNameUsagelD identifiction of the parent usage name scientificName scientific name of the taxon parentNameUsage name from which the taxon name originates kingdom kingdom
phylum phylum
class class
order order
family family
genus genus
specificEpithet specific epithet
taxonRank taxon rank
scientificNameAuthorship scientific name authorship
Additional information
The following species are referred to the Azores’ EEZ by some authors: Bathytoshia centroura (Das and Afonso 2017, Santos et al. 2020), Deania hystricosa (Compagno
8 Barcelos L et al
2016), Dipturus intermedius (Santos et al. 2020) and Bathyraja pallida (Das and Afonso 2017, Santos et al. 2020). However, they were not included in this checklist because those authors, as well as other sources (e.g. IUCN’s Red List) report their occurrence as either doubtful or ‘need to be confirmed’. As such, this fact does not allow us to have a degree of confidence that these species were actually confirmed to occur within this checklist geographic area.
Author contributions
LMDB, JMNA and JPB published the updated checklist in GBIF IPT - Portugal and built the framework. LMDB developed this paper and uploaded all the files into the Arphahub platform. All authors read and edited the submitted version and agreed on its present version.
References
° Barcelos LD, Azevedo J, Pollersp6ck J, Barreiros J (2018) Review of the records of the smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox (Elasmobranchii: Lamniformes: Odontaspididae), in the Azores. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 48 (2): 189-194. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIEP/02436
° Barcelos LM, Azevedo J, Barreiros JP (2020) Azores Chondrichthyes updated checklist. 1.5. Universidade dos Acores. Release date: 2020-10-28. URL: hiips://doi.org/ 10.15468/dfqxwo
° Barreiros J, Gadig OF (2011) Sharks and rays from the Azores - An illustrated catalogue. IAC - Instituto A¢oriano de Cultura, Angra do Heroismo.
[ISBN 978-989-8225-24-5]
° Catarino D, Jakobsen K, Jakobsen J, Giacomello E, Menezes G, Diogo H, Canha A, Porteiro F, Melo O, Stefanni S (2020) First record of the opal chimaera, Chimaera opalescens (Holocephali: Chimaeridae) and revision of the occurrence of the rabbitfish Chimaera monstrosa in the Azores waters. Journal of Fish Biology 97: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfo.14432
° Compagno LJ (2016) Sharks. In: Carpernter KE, Angelis N (Eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Easter Central Atlantic. Volume 2 - Bivalves, gastropods, hagfishes, sharks, batoid fishes and chimeras. FAO specie. FAO, Rome, 213 pp.
° Das D, Afonso P (2017) Review of the diversity, ecology, and conservation of Elasmobranchs in the Azores Region , Mid-North Atlantic. Frontiers in Marine Science 4: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00354
° Dulvy NK, Fowler SL, Musick JA, Cavanagh RD, Kyne PM, Harrison LR, Carlson JK, Davidson LN, Fordham SV, Francis MP, Pollock CM, Simpfendorfer CA, Burgess GH, Carpenter KE, Compagno LJ, Ebert DA, Gibson C, Heupel MR, Livingstone SR, Sanciangco JC, Stevens JD, Valenti S, White WT (2014) Extinction risk and conservation of the world’s sharks and rays. eLife 3: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife. 00590
Updated checklist of Azores Chondrichthyes (Vertebrata: Gnathostomata)
° Greemberg R (2009) Guide to European Elasmobranches. Oceana, 78 pp.
URL: https://usa.oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Guide_Elasmobranches Europe ING1 _ 0.pdf
° Porteiro FM, Menezes GM, Afonso P, Monteiro JG, Santos RS (2010) Marine fish (Chondrichthyes, Actinopterygii). In: Borges PA, Costa A, Cunha R, Gabriel R, Gongalves V, Martins AF, Melo I, Parente M, Raposeiro P, Rodrigues P, Santos RS, Silva L, Vieira P, Vieira V (Eds) A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Cascais, 3 pp.
° Santos R, Porteiro F, Barreiros J (1997) Marine fishes of the Azores - Annotated checklist and bibliography: a catalogue of the Azorean marine ichthyodiversity. Arquipelago-Life and Marine Sciences (Suppl 1).
° Santos R, Novoa-Pabon A, Silva H, Pinho M (2020) Elasmobranch species richness, fisheries, abundance and size composition in the Azores archipelago (NE Atlantic). Marine Biology Research 16 (2): 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2020. 1718713
° Vieira EA, Souza LRd, Longo GO (2020) Diving into science and conservation: recreational divers can monitor reef assemblages. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation 18 (1): 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecon.2019.12.001
° Worm B, Davis B, Kettemer L, Ward-Paige C, Chapman D, Heithaus M, Kessel S, Gruber S (2013) Global catches, exploitation rates, and rebuilding options for sharks.
Marine Policy 40 (1): 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.12.034
Supplementary material
Suppl. material 1: Species list - taxon remarks and occurrence details EU
Authors: Barcelos LMD, Azevedo JMN, Barreiros JP Data type: taxon remarks, occurrence details, IUCN conservation status Download file (21.82 kb)